The sun is a powerful resource that can be harnessed to provide clean, low cost energy for homes and businesses. In fact, in one hour the amount of solar energy that falls on Earth could meet the entire world’s power needs for a year.

Solar energy is radiation from the sun that can be used to generate heat, cause chemical reactions or generate electricity. It is an inexhaustible, renewable source of energy that does not produce pollution, unlike fossil fuels such as coal and oil.

Harnessing the Power of the Sun: An Introduction to Solar Energy

Active solar technologies convert sunlight into electricity (photovoltaics) or into heat to power buildings, water heating and other applications. They include photovoltaic panels, solar hot water systems and concentrated solar power plants.

When the sun shines on a solar panel it passes through a semiconductor such as silicon, which knocks electrons loose and creates a flow of electricity. The solar panel then converts that electricity into usable AC power, which can be used to run appliances and light your home. Solar energy systems are connected to the electricity grid through a net meter, which allows you to receive payment for any excess power that you generate from your system, or export back to the grid.

Until recently, solar energy was not an affordable option for many consumers, but with technological advances and growing demand, the costs of going solar have been steadily declining. In addition, state incentives and the federal solar investment tax credit can further minimize your out-of-pocket expenses.